ブックタイトル高分子　POLYMERS　62巻12月号

概要

高分子　POLYMERS　62巻12月号

Front-Line Polymer Science高分子科学最近の進歩Fig.6（a）DNA-responsive hydrogel；（b）DNA-responsivecolloidal crystal hydrogel beads. 58）, 59）4．Conclusions and outlookFig.7A method of preparation for molecular imprintedhydrogel beads with an inverse opal photonic crystalstructure. 66）structures were fabricated by template replication ofsilica PhC beads using hydrogels imprinted with variousproteins. They achieved the creation of imprinted PhCmicroparticles that could report their correspondingtargets in a single well by shifting their PBGs.hybridization of the free DNA and the cross-linkerDNA causes the hydrogel to shrink, and this can bedetected as a corresponding blue shift in the stop-bandposition of the PhCs（Fig.6b）.Aptamers provide a new type of molecular recognitiondeveloped in recent years. 60）,61）They are singlestrandedDNA or Ribonucleic acid（RNA）that cancombine with a specific target with high specificityand affinity. Tan et al. 62）were the first to report thepreparation of biomolecular-sensitive hydrogels usingaptamer elements. Based on these aptamer hydrogels,several new types of sensors have been developedfor aptamer-specific target detection. 63）Our grouphas introduced the aptamer into PhC hydrogels, asreported for the first time to our knowledge, and havedeveloped corresponding aptasensors allowing visualdetection of target recognition（see I I）.64）3.2.3.5 Molecular imprinted hydrogelMolecular imprinted hydrogels have cavities that arecomplementary to template molecules in space structureand functional groups, so as to realize the selectiverecognition of the template molecule（II）. Hu et al. 65）introduced the molecular imprinting technique intoPhC hydrogel films and fabricated macroporous PhCsensors. By taking the desired analyte as the imprintedtemplate molecule, they constructed various types ofinverse opal structure PhC films for protein detectionand drug analysis. By using molecular imprintedhydrogels as the essential materials, our group has alsodeveloped a new type of sensor for label-free multiplexanalyses. 66）The sensor employed inverse opalinephotonic beads as carriers. As shown in Fig.7, thehydrogel PhC beads with highly ordered inverse opalIn this review, we have summarized recent researchregarding responsive hydrogels for biosensorapplications. Progress in combining responsivehydrogels and nanostructured photonic crystals waspresented. Relying on a change of the reflective indexor lattice of the PhC hydrogels during the hydrogelstimulirecognition, many types of PhC sensors havebeen successfully developed.Although it provides a series of benefits, thedevelopment of PhC hydrogel still has a long way togo before these hydrogels can be used in practicalapplications. The important challenges for thedevelopment of PhC sensors are the exploitationof novel hydrogel materials for stimulus-responsivesensors and the design of new photonic nanostructuresfor convenient visual sensing. To take advantage ofhydrogels, research regarding stimulus elements,improving synthetic methods and controlling themorphology of the hydrogels is necessary. Forphotonic nanostructures, PhC sensors appear to bethe trend with the best capability for colorimetricsensing, providing direct visual indication of chemicalreaction events in real time without the use ofsophisticated instruments. However, the appearanceof PhC materials is intrinsically angle dependent, andthus they present different structural colors whenobserved from different angles. This characteristicis disadvantageous for the construction of sensitivecolorimetric sensors and hinders practical application ofthe PhCs. One way to solve this problem is to exploitthe self-assembly of amorphous colloidal arrays 67）orto use spherical colloidal crystal clusters 68）,69）as theessential nanostructures of the sensors. We believethat many versatile biosensors could be created for＊は、e！高分子のSupporting Informationにハイパーリンクされています。748c2013 The Society of Polymer Science, Japan高分子62巻12月号（2013年）