| 高分子 Vol.60 No.8 |
| >> Japanese | >> English |
特集 未来の自動車を支える高分子
|
| 展望 COVER STORY: Highlight Reviews |
| 自動車用ポリプロピレン系材料 Polypropylene Materials for Automotive Application |
藤田 祐二・新井 雅之 Yuji FUJITA and Masayuki ARAI |
| ＜要旨＞ Polypropylene
has been in use for many applications because of its environmental properties
and excellent practical performance such as moldability and mechanical
properties. Especially for automotive use, polypropylene is used widely
for products such as bumper or inertial parts, and the weight fraction
of polypropylene in one vehicle is estimated at more than 5%. In this
report the history of technical development of automotive polypropylene
is described. Keywords: Polypropylene / Automotive Materials / Mechanical Properties / Moldability / Morphology |
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| 拡大を続ける自動車用途のエンプラ材料 Broadening Automotive Applications of Engineering Plastics |
菅原 誠 Makoto SUGAWARA |
| ＜要旨＞ Engineering
plastics are broadening their automotive parts applications. As well
as the parts weight reduction for the improved fuel efficiency and the
parts integration for more efficient manufacturing, engineering plastics
are supporting the automotive industry's effort of driving for a more
sustainable society by reducing volatile compounds emission and fossil
raw materials consumption. Engineering plastics are also answering to
the consumers' expectation such as safety and driving comfort. New movements
of automotive application development are discussed. Keywords: Engineering plastic / Automotive / Weight reduction / Sustainability / Safety |
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| FRP 材料 FRP |
山中 亨・山口 晃司 Toru YAMANAKA and Koji YAMAGUCHI |
| ＜要旨＞ In this
paper, authors report the history of Fiber Reinforecd Plastic (FRP) use
in automobiles to reduce the weight of the automotive body from 1940's
to 2000s. Also, research of high cycle cure epoxy and high cycle manufacturing
system is introduced for mass production cars. At last, demand of matrix
resin is described based on micro mechanics of composites. Keywords: FRP / Automotive / Body / Manufacturing / High Cycle Cure Epoxy Resin / High Cycle Manufacturing System / Micro Mechanics |
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| 自動車用電池技術における高分子化学の役割 Polymer Science and Technologies on Fuel Cells and Batteries for Automobiles |
山口 猛央 Takeo YAMAGUCHI |
| ＜要旨＞ A secure
and readily accessible supply of energy is important. In this context,
automobiles are changing away from using engines to electricity devices,
such as batteries and fuel cells. At the same time, our life style should
be changed because of the optimized usage of the energy. If societies
are to be sustainable, the innovation of environmentally benign energy
devices is essential. The key is always the development of innovative
materials. Systematic material design methodology, which is meaning a
hierarchical systematic thinking from molecular level to application
level in a device, is one of the key elements to make a breakthrough
in these complicated fields, such as new key materials and devices. Keywords: Automobile / Fuel Cell / Battery / Polymer Electrolyte / Membrane / Catalyst / PEFC / Alkaline Fuel Cell |
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| トピックス COVER STORY:Topics and Products |
| 環境負荷の低減に寄与するポリプロピレン／ポリ乳酸アロイ Polypropylene/Poly (lactic acid) Polymer Alloy for Reduction of Environmental Load |
亀尾 幸司 Koji KAMEO |
| ＜要旨＞ With a view
to devising a countermeasure to global environmental problems (i.e. depletion
of petroleum resources, critical growth of carbon dioxides, etc.), poly
(lactic acid) (PLA), one of the most promising bio-based polymers, is
to be positively utilized in automotive and consumer-electric industries.
However, PLA has several critical drawbacks, such as low impact strength,
low thermal resistance, low moisture durability and low processability
due to low rate of crystallization. In order to overcome the disadvantage
of PLA, a novel PP/PLA alloy, where PLA is incorporated in a PP matrix,
has been proposed and conceived. By the optimization of compatibilizer
and elastomer, PLA is successfully dispersed in sub-micron order in a
PP matrix. At last, the bio-based automotive interior parts, which fulfill
the required performance, appearance and mass-productivity, have been
successfully developed. Keywords: Polypropylene / Poly (lactic acid) / Bio-based Polymer / Polymer Alloy / Reactive Processing / Composite |
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| 低燃費タイヤとエラストマー Fuel-Efficient Tires and Elastomer |
柳岡 正起 Masaki YANAGIOKA |
| ＜要旨＞ This article
presents an overview of current R&D activities on fuel-efficient
tires. Nanostructure-Oriented Properties Control Technology (NanoPro-TechTM)
has been employed to effectively develop tires that have reduced rolling
resistance without sacrificing safety performance in wet conditions.
This technology allows the desirable characteristics of rubber to manifest,
and controls its microstructure through the molecular design of its components. Keywords: Fuel-Efficiency / Rolling Resistance / Wet Grip / Loss Property |
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| パワー半導体用高耐熱高熱伝導性樹脂 High Heat Resistant and High Thermal Conductive Resins for Power Semiconductor Modules |
高橋 昭雄 Akio TAKAHASHI |
| ＜要旨＞ Power semiconductor
devices are key devices for carbon dioxide reduction technology. Here,
we focus on the power semiconductor device module of the automotive electronics
field that is holding more than 50% of the power device market and we
introduce the optimum properties and the examples for polymer materials
applying to the future power module. Keywords: Power Semiconductor Device / Polymer Material / Automotive Electronics |
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| 未来の車は植物で創る－セルロースナノファイバーで見る夢－ Automobiles Made of Plants: A Dream Inspired by Cellulose Nanofibers |
矢野 浩之 Hiroyuki YANO |
| ＜要旨＞ The plant
cell wall consists of a cellulose nanofiber or a cellulose microfibril
bundle. Since the nanofibers are bundles of semi-crystalline extended
cellulose chains, their thermal expansion is as low as that of quartz
whilst their strength is five times that of steel. This report summarizes
the research work on the production of nanofibers from plant resources
and their application in polymer composites. Keywords: Cellulose / Nanofibers / Nanocomposites / Automobile / High Strength / Low Thermal Expansion / Optical Transparency |
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| グローイングポリマー Growing Polymers: A Personal Account |
| 威ありて猛からず Being Dignified, and Moreover Warm, as Such One is Gentle |
井改 知幸 Tomoyuki IKAI |
| ＜要旨＞ My fruitful research life is always under the watchful eye of the respectable professors. This personal account is summarized as a token of great appreciation for such former teachers and as a fresh determination of my further growth. |
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| 最高傑作の「プラモデル」を目指して For the Greatest “Plamodel” |
中野 幸司 Koji NAKANO |
| ＜要旨＞ This personal account describes my research life and my driving force for researches by making an analogy to plamodels. |
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| 高分子科学最近の進歩 Front-Line Polymer Science |
| 分子を超えたナノ粒子のセルフ－アッセンブリー Supramolecular Chemistry-Mimetic Nanoparticle Assembly |
新倉 謙一・居城 邦治 Kenichi NIIKURA and Kuniharu IJIRO |
| ＜要旨＞ Self-assembly
systems of molecules have been widely developed over the last 30 years
as “supramolecular chemistry” and the concept of self-assembly has been
used increasingly in large scales beyond small molecules. This review
presents the recent progress in nanoparticle assembly, in particular,
from the view of the mimicry of supramolecular chemistry. Various approaches
to create desired array of nanoparticles have been explored so far. Here,
we focus on the surface modification of nanoparticles with anisotropy.
The anisotropic modification enables particle-particle interactions with
specific direction. The modification of various shapes of particles can
also lead to specific self-assembly of nanoparticles that is different
from the sphere particles. Although the surface of nanoparticles is narrow,
approaches for the surface modification are unlimited and these will
open the door to create various types of arrays in the macroscopic scale,
leading to wide applications for plasmonic and electronic devices. Keywords: Self-Assembly / Nanoparticle / Surface Modification / Polymer / DNA / Virous / Functional Material |
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