POLYMERS Vol.60 No.12
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COVER STORY
New Development of Fluorinated Polymers
COVER STORY: Highlight Reviews
Post-Functionalization of Conjugated Polymers by Selective Electrochemical Fluorination Shinsuke INAGI and Toshio FUCHIGAMI
<Abstract> Recently, selective fluorination of organic compounds has attracted much attention in a variety of research fields. In polymer chemistry, selective fluorination of conjugated polymers is a significant issue because it can impart a number of functions to the parent polymers. The electrochemical polymer reaction involves the electron transfer between a conjugated polymer film and an electrode, followed by chemical reaction of the intermediates. Based on this method, selective fluorination of conjugated polymers is successfully achieved.
Keywords: Electrochemical Fluorination / Conjugated Polymer / Polymer Reaction / Solid-Phase Reaction / Electron Transfer
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Development of Decomposition Techniques for Fluoropolymers and Related Chemicals Hisao HORI
<Abstract> Fluoropolymers and related chemicals have been widely used owing to their specific characters such as high thermal and chemical stabilities, high light transparency and so forth. These materials can be decomposed by incineration. However, this requires high temperatures because they consist of strong C-F bonds, and HF gas is formed, which can seriously damage the firebricks of incinerators. Thus, there is virtually no waste-treatment method except for disposal in a landfill. Here we describe new decomposition techniques aimed at waste treatment of these materials, allowing for the recycling of the fluorine resource, which faces an increasing global demand.
Keywords: Fluorine / Waste / Monomerization / Mineralization / Subcritical Water / Surfactant / PFOA/PFOS
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High-Performance Electret Based on Fluorinated Polymer for Energy Harvesting Yuji SUZUKI
<Abstract> Energy harvesting from environmental vibration attracts much attention for its use in battery-less wireless sensor network nodes. Such a system can be used in various applications such as structural health monitoring systems. Among various energy conversion principles from environmental vibration, the electret generator can produce higher output power especially in the low frequency range. Here, our attempts for high-performance polymer electret and MEMS generator are introduced and future vision of energy harvesting is discussed.
Keywords: Electret / Fluorinated Polymer / Energy Harvesting / MEMS
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Super-Water-Repellent and Highly-Oil-Repellent Coating with Fluoric Compounds with Nano Particles Seimei SHIRATORI
<Abstract> In order to keep our body safe, the development of coating agents and coating techniques to fabricate a super-water-repellent and highly-oil-repellent surface for textiles is strongly desired. By the combination of a chemical and physical approach, a special coating agent was newly developed. It contains several compounds, which are a fluoric coating agent and a solvent. Fabrics are easily soaked in the newly developed coating agent. It was demonstrated that the coating agent can be successfully applied to various textiles such as cotton, mixture fabric of cotton and nylon, and cotton and polyester. The repeatability of the fabricated coating sample was excellent.
Keywords: Repellent / Water / Oil / Protection / Antifouling
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COVER STORY:Topics and Products
PVdF Binder of Lithium Ion Battery Mitsuyasu SAKUMA
<Abstract> PVdF (polyvinylidenefluoride) is a worldwide used polymer as a binder material for lithium ion secondary battery electrodes. Characteristic features of PVdF material satisfy the various functions required in the electrode manufacturing process and battery performance. As an example of binder function, the adhesive mechanism with the types of PVdF and their molecular weight is shown in this paper.
Keywords: PVdF / Binder / Lithium Ion / Battery / Electrochemical / Crystalline / Molecular Weight
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Synthesis and Application of Perfluoropolyethers Daisuke SHIRAKAWA
<Abstract> Perfluoropolyethers (PFPE) have an excellent fluidity and low surface friction. These fluorinated oils are employed as grease, lubricant and modification in various fields. As applications require higher performance and reliability, the technology of the PFPE is facing more challenging tasks regarding its tribological performance.
Keywords: Perfluoropolyether / Fluorination / Lubricant / Hard Disk Drive
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Dynamic Liquid Repellency of Fluoroacrylate Homopolymers Masamichi MORITA and Ikuo YAMAMOTO
<Abstract> The effect of the α position structure of fluoroacrylate homopolymers with short fluoroalkyl (Rf) chains on dynamic liquid repellency was characterized by sliding angle and sliding velocity values. We developed a Rf(Cn)α-Cl acrylate homopolymer, which shows a very high dynamic liquid repellency compared with Rf(Cn) acrylate and Rf(Cn) methacrylate. This result is suggesting that the surface molecular mobility of Rf chains is restricted by α-Cl groups and the surface rearrangement is hard to achieve.
Keywords: Dynamic Liquid Repellency / Sliding Angle / Sliding Velocity / Contact Angle / Fluoroacrylate
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Fluorinated Materials Used in Hybrid Electric Vehicles Michiaki SHIMIZU
<Abstract> Many parts used in the construction of vehicles have been developed by taking advantage of fluorinated materials. In applications for HEVs, heat resistance and oil resistance are nominated as one of the most required features.
Keywords: Hybrid Electric Vehicle / Heat Resistant / Oil Resistant / Cable / Harness
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Front-Line Polymer Science
Investigation of Optimized Conjugated Polymer Backbone Structures for Charge Carrier Transport Shu SEKI
<Abstract> Recent successful reports on the variety of organic and/or organic-inorganic compounds with conjugated electronic systems based on covalent/non-covalent chemical bondings have extended rapidly the feasibility of the compounds as practical electronic devices. One of the most important properties of the materials is the mobility of charge carriers because the value is determining and dominating all the device performance including switching rate, energy efficiency, reliability, etc. In the present paper, electrode-less microwave conductivity measurement techniques have been applied to determine the value of mobility in the conjugated macromolecular/supramolecular systems, and we discuss comprehensively the mechanisms of charge carrier transports in the materials in view of what are the formative processes of the charge carrier transport in the respective three measurement systems. This leads to the optimization of the mobility value in a variety of the organic materials, making these materials a good choice to challenge the conventional inorganic semiconductor materials used by industries and substitute them in part by the organic materials.
Keywords: Conjugated Polymers / Mobility / Microwave / Time-of-Flight / Field-Effect-Transistor / Semiconductor/ Molecular Wires / Non-Contact / Ultra-High Pressure
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