| 高分子 Vol.62 No.8 |
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特集
环境净化材料 |
| 展望 |
| 为了环境净化有没有需要这些材料? | 一濑 泉 |
| <Abstract>
高分子作为水处理膜及过滤膜,吸附剂,絮凝剂等分离功能材料对地球环境保护作出广泛的贡献.但是环境一旦受到污染就不太容易再生和恢复.本文就为了今后的资源开发而引起的一系列环境问题,对高分子材料对这些问题的改善能作出什么样的贡献,从耐久性和可回收性的角度进行了展望. Keywords: Separation Membrane / Produced Water / Diamond-Like Carbon / Adsorbent |
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| 对环境污染能够认知和改善的多孔高分子的开发 | 细矢 宪 |
| <Abstract>
环境净化尤其在水环境中的有害物质的捕集,分离,去除过程中经常使用各种各样的高分子多孔体.本文介绍了作者的研究小组进行的可应用与环境净化的有机高分子的本质上的优点和实际应用的可能性,尤其以对亲水性有机微量元素的捕集发挥效果的新概念及实用方法进行了展望. Keywords: Macro-porous Polymer / Monolith / Environmental Pollutant / Pre-treatment / Solid Phase Extraction / HPLC / MIP / Anti-Bacterial Action |
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| 话题 |
| 离子交换树脂, 螯合树脂在Cs(I)及Sr(II)水溶液的水处理中的应用 | 矢野胜彦 |
| <Abstract>
Selective removal of Cs(I) and Sr(II) from waste water is needed in Fukushima Nuclear Power Station. We have estimated various types of ion exchange resins and chelate resins. Sulfonic-acid type cation-exchange resins and iminodiacetic-acid type chelate resins are effective for Cs(I) and Sr(II) adsorption from waste water. These adsorbents are based on aromatic copolymers, but resistant to some level of γ-ray irradiation. They show that ion exchange resins and chelate resins are available for Cs(I) and Sr(II) removal from waste water. Keywords: Ion Exchange / Chelate / Cs / Sr / Removal |
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| 利用纳米微粒吸附去除放射性铯元素的研究 | 川本 徹 |
| <Abstract> Since 2011, the radioactive Cs-decontamination from the environment is the serious problem in Japan. Prussian blue (PB), one of the famous coordination polymers, is the well-known good adsorbent for Cs-ion. We have drastically improved the Cs-adsorption performance of PB by the control of its nanostructure and fabrication of the composite with other materials. These new adsorbent will contribute the decontamination around the Fukushima prefecture. Keywords: Prussian Blue / Radioactive Cs / Waste / Decontamination / Nanoparticles |
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| 利用高分子去除放射性铯元素的研究 | 三村 均 |
| <Abstract> Large amounts of high-activity-level water accumulated in the reactor, turbine building and the trench in the facility that were generated from the nuclear accident of Fukushima NPP-1 caused by the Great East Japan Earthquake. This contaminated water resulted in operation obstacles and environmental contamination. At present, the cold shutdown is completed by the circulating injection cooling system, while large amounts of high-activity-level water, over 260,000 m3, are stored in Fukushima NPP-1. In order to develop high selective adsorbents towards radioactive cesium, functional polymers can be used for the immobilization of selective fine adsorbents. By using the alginate gel polymer enclosing insoluble ferrocyanides and heteropolyacids, complete removal of radioactive Cs can be accomplished from seawater. Non woven Zeolite was also effective for the selective removal of radioactive cesium in the field of soil decontamination. Functional polymers are thus useful for the decontamination of radioactive cesium and environmental remediation. Keywords: High-Activity-Level Water / Radioactive Cesium / Functional Polymer / Immobilization / Alginate Gel Polymer / Zeolite Non Woven / Decontamination |
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| 纤维状捕集材料在环境净化技术中的应用 | 濑古典明 |
| <Abstract> Water contamination with toxic metals causes serious human health problems. Environmental functional materials can contribute to environmental conservation such as removal of toxic metal. These functions were introduced into the artificial polymers by radiation graft polymerization. Graft polymerization can change the conventional polymer to act as metal adsorbents, which realizes rapid adsorption and easy handling. The synthesized fibrous adsorbents were used in a field test to achieve removing of dissolved radioactive cesium in Fukushima Pref., which was conducted successfully. Furthermore, a water purifier for cesium removal has been developed and is expected to be applied soon. Keywords: Environment Purification and Preservation / Radiation Graft Polymerization / Toxic Metals / Radioactive Cesium |
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| 可贡献与节能的新型氟树脂滤材的开发 | 新沼 仁,涩谷吉之,包 理 |
| <Abstract> We developed new fluororesin media with large pore size and thickness. It has high efficiency, low pressure-drop and long service-life which is similar to that of fiberglass media mainly used as HEPA filter media. The new HEPA filter with fluororesin media has lower pressure-drop than the fiberglass filter and a longer service-life than the conventional PTFE filter. Therefore it is possible to reduce the energy consumption at the operating stage of HEPA filters and we can provide an energy saving product that is reducing CO2 emission. Keywords: Air Filter / Fiberglass Media / Fluororesin Media / Low Pressure Drop / Long Service Life / Energy Saving |
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| 活性碳纤维在去除放射性碘元素中的特性及应用 | 井上 诚 |
| <Abstract> An activated carbon fiber (ACF) is fibrous activated carbon which has many micro pores in the surface, and shows the characteristic outstanding as adsorbent. Especially the activated carbon fiber containing 1,4-Diazabicyclo[2.2.2] octane (DABCO) shows the removal performance which was excellent under high humidity to the radioactive methyl iodide, and is used as a filter for the local ventilation of a nuclear power plant. Keywords: Activated Carbon Fiber / Radioactive Iodine / DABCO / Filer / Local Ventilation / Nuclear Power Plant |
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| Polymer Science and I: A Personal Account |
| Roaming... | Shoichi KUBO |
| <Abstract> Roaming various research laboratories gave me many acquaintances and a wide variety of research topics. Now I'm going to put my available materials together in order to create functional nano materials based on amazing polymers. |
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| 高分子科学最新进展 |
| 刺激响应性高分子在癌细胞相关药物传输系统(DDS)中的应用 | 片山佳树 |
| <Abstract>
Cancer chemotherapy has a serious difficulty with its poor cell specificity. DDS using nano-medicine consisting of polymer materials will be one of the most promising strategies to address this issue. Almost all cancer nano-medicines uses enhanced permeability and retention effect (EPR effect) based on extravasation of huge molecules in tumor neovasculature. As an additional effect, cancer specific ligand-receptor interaction is also available to enhance the binding ability of nano-medicine to cancer cells. Although these strategies realize significant drug accumulation in tumors compared with small drug administration, greater amount of nano-medicine may still be distributed to other non-target organs. In this context, Stimuli-responsive polymers have been applied to enhance the contrast of drug concentration between tumor and normal cells. In this review, recent progress of cancer DDS materials using a stimuli-responsive strategy is reviewed. Future directions for ideal cancer nano-medicine is also considered. Keywords: DDS / Nanomedicine / Stimuli-Responsive Polymer / Drug Carrier / Gene Delivery / Drug Delivery / Cancer |
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