| 高分子 Vol.64 No.2 |
| >>Chinese | >>English | >>Japanese | >>Korean |
特集 弱さがつくる強さ
|
| 展望 COVER STORY: Highlight Reviews |
| バイオ系ナノ材料における水素結合の役割 The Role of Hydrogen Bonds in Bio-Nanomaterials |
磯貝 明 Akira ISOGAI |
| ＜要旨＞ セルロースの結晶性ミクロフィブリル内の水素結合を維持し、フィブリル間水素結合を選択的切断することにより、極細のバイオ系ナノファイバーが効率良く調製できる。複合化の際には基材中でのフィブリル間の凝集を抑え、ナノ分散状態を維持する必要がある。これらの水素結合の制御はバイオ系ナノ材料の調製と利用、機能発現に大きく関与する。 Keywords: Cellulose / Chitin / Nanofiber / TEMPO / Microfibril / Composite Materials |
| ページトップへ▲ |
| 水素結合を介して形成された高分子結晶 Polymer Crystals with Hydrogen Bond |
本郷 千鶴・西野 孝 Chizuru HONGO, Takashi NISHINO |
| ＜要旨＞ 水素結合を介して結晶を形成する高分子として天然高分子のセルロースやコラーゲン、シルク、合成高分子のナイロンを取り上げ、その構造と力学物性の相関に関する研究を紹介する。さらにそれらの結晶構造を形成する分子間相互作用に関する知見について述べる。 Keywords: Polymer Crystal / Hydrogen Bond / Crystal Modulus / Cellulose / Collagen / Silk / Nylon / X-ray Diffraction |
| ページトップへ▲ |
| 水素結合性高分子の計算機シミュレーション Computational Modeling of Polymer with Hydrogen Bonds |
青柳 岳司 Takeshi AOYAGI |
| ＜要旨＞ 水素結合力を正しく見積もることは、高分子あるいは分子集合体の構造や物性を予測するうえで重要である。計算機シミュレーションにより水素結合力を見積もる際の方法と特徴を、とくに高分子への適用という観点で紹介する。加えてセルロース、ポリアミドなどの水素結合性高分子の分子動力学シミュレーションの事例を紹介する。 Keywords: Quantum Mechanics / Molecular Dynamics / Coarse-Grained Modeling / Hydrogen Bond |
| ページトップへ▲ |
| トピックス COVER STORY: Topics and Products |
| 水素結合が高分子の熱的・力学的特性に及ぼす影響 Effect of Hydrogen Bonding on the Thermo-Mechanical Properties |
浦川 理 Osamu URAKAWA |
| ＜要旨＞ Hydrogen bonding polymer blends: poly(vinylphenol) (PVPh) and poly(2-vinylpyridine) (P2VP), were studied in detail from the preparation methods to their thermo-mechanical properties. Complexation (hydrogen bonding) of PVPh and P2VP took place in a dioxane solution and resulted in the precipitation of the hydrogen bonded polymer components with the compositions of PVPh:P2VP close to the 1:1 stoichiometry. By using a DMSO solution, we found it possible to prepare the blends with any compositions. The composition dependence of the glass transition temperature and that of the zero share viscosity exhibited positive deviation from the linear additivity rules. These behaviors also indicate the existence of strong hydrogen bonding interactions between component polymers. Keywords: Hydrogen Bond / Polymer Complex / Glass Transition / Rheology |
| ページトップへ▲ |
| 生分解性ポリエステルの結晶構造における弱い水素結合の役割 The Role of “Weak Hydrogen Bond” in the Crystal Structure of Biodegradable Polyetsers |
佐藤 春実 Harumi SATO |
| ＜要旨＞ It was found that weak hydrogen bonds are present in the crystal structure of the biodegradable polyesters such as poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB), poly(3-hydroxyvarelate) (PHV), polyglycolic acid (PGA), by using Infrared (IR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and quantum chemical calculations. It is very likely that the CH･･･O hydrogen bonding stabilizes the crystal structures of PHB, PHV, PGA, and related copolymers. Even if the CH･･･O hydrogen bonding is relatively weak, it is extremely important for the stabilization of lamellae. We confirmed the crucial role of C-H･･･O interactions toward the unique “folded” structure of the PHB molecule chain, the crystalline structure stabilization, high melting temperature, and the high copolymer crystallization. Keywords: Weak Hydrogen Bond / Biodegradable Polyester / Crystal Structure / Infrared Spectroscopy / X-ray Diffraction / Quantum Chemical Calculation |
| ページトップへ▲ |
| DNAオリガミで作る単分子機能デバイス Single-Molecular Devices made of DNA Origami |
葛谷 明紀 Akinori KUZUYA |
| ＜要旨＞ DNA origami is the process in which long single-stranded DNA molecules are folded into arbitrary planar nanostructures with the aid of many short staple strands. Since its striking introduction, DNA origami has dramatically widened the scope of applications of DNA nanotechnology based on the programmed assembly of branched DNA junctions. DNA origami can be used to construct not only arbitrary two-dimensional nanostructures but also nano-sized breadboards for the arraying of nanomaterials or even complicated three-dimensional nano-objects. This review briefly summarizes the basic designs principle of DNA origami as well as its application to functional single-molecular devices. Keywords: DNA / DNA Nanotechnology / DNA Origami / AFM / Molecular Devices / Molecular Robotics |
| ページトップへ▲ |
| グローイングポリマー Polymer Science and I: A Personal Account |
| 脱「放射光の人間」を目指して Aiming To Be A Researcher Who Uses Not Only Synchrotron Radiation |
小川 紘樹 Hiroki OGAWA |
| ＜要旨＞ In the construction period of BL03XU at SPring-8, I really had a great experience. In future, I need to develop my research using not only synchrotron radiation but also neutron scattering methods. |
| ページトップへ▲ |
| 高分子科学最近の進歩 Front-Line Polymer Science |
| 光リビング・制御ラジカル重合 Photo-Induced Living/Controlled Radical Polymerization Reaction |
山子 茂・中村 泰之 Shigeru YAMAGO, Yasuyuki NAKAMURA |
| ＜要旨＞ Recent developments in photo-induced living/controlled radical polymerization (LRP) reaction are summarized. Photochemistry offers unique solutions to several problems in the conventional LRP, such as increase of the fidelity of α-polymer end structure in TERP and RAFT and significant decrease of the amount of metal catalysts used in ATRP. It also provides new opportunity to attain new control, such as time and spatial control in addition to the control of molecular weight of the resulting polymers. In sharp contrast to conventional photochemical reactions which requires high-intensity light source and uses high-energy UV-light, the reactions described here usually take place under mild irradiation conditions by using long-UV or visible lights by using low-intensity light sources. These unique features offer new possibilities in both basic and applied researches in LRP. Keywords: Living/Controlled Radical Polymerization / Photochemistry / TERP / ATRP / RAFT / Polymerization Control |
| ページトップへ▲ |
| Copyright(C) 2015 The Society of Polymer Science, Japan All Rights Reserved. |