| 高分子 Vol.64 No.2 |
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特集
由弱力造出的强力 |
| 展望 |
| 生物类纳米材料中的氢键的作用 | 矶贝 明 |
| <Abstract> 保持纤维素的结晶性微纤维内部的氢键结构，有选择地切断纤丝间的氢键，可以有效地获得超细的生物类纳米纤维. 与其他材料进行复合时要控制纤丝间的凝聚，有必要保持其纳米分散状态. 这种氢键的控制在生物类纳米材料的调制及应用中起着非常重要的作用. Keywords: Cellulose / Chitin / Nanofiber / TEMPO / Microfibril / Composite Materials |
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| 由氢键力形成的高分子结晶 | 本乡千鹤，西野 孝 |
| <Abstract> 靠氢键力形成结晶的高分子有纤维素及胶原蛋白，丝绸等天然高分子和合成高分子尼龙，本文介绍了这种高分子的结构与力学物性相关的研究. 进而对形成结晶结构中起重要作用的分子间相互作用力进行了阐述. Keywords: Polymer Crystal / Hydrogen Bond / Crystal Modulus / Cellulose / Collagen / Silk / Nylon / X-ray Diffraction |
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| 氢键性高分子的计算机模拟 | 青柳岳司 |
| <Abstract> 精确计算氢键力在预测高分子及分子聚集体的结构和物性方面是非常重要的. 本文介绍了由计算机模拟氢键力的方法及特征. 进而介绍了纤维素，聚酰胺等氢键性高分子分子动力学模拟的事例. Keywords: Quantum Mechanics / Molecular Dynamics / Coarse-Grained Modeling / Hydrogen Bond |
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| 话题 |
| 氢键对高分子热学力学特性的影响 | 浦川 理 |
| <Abstract> Hydrogen bonding polymer blends: poly(vinylphenol) (PVPh) and poly(2-vinylpyridine) (P2VP), were studied in detail from the preparation methods to their thermo-mechanical properties. Complexation (hydrogen bonding) of PVPh and P2VP took place in a dioxane solution and resulted in the precipitation of the hydrogen bonded polymer components with the compositions of PVPh:P2VP close to the 1:1 stoichiometry. By using a DMSO solution, we found it possible to prepare the blends with any compositions. The composition dependence of the glass transition temperature and that of the zero share viscosity exhibited positive deviation from the linear additivity rules. These behaviors also indicate the existence of strong hydrogen bonding interactions between component polymers. Keywords: Hydrogen Bond / Polymer Complex / Glass Transition / Rheology |
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| 生物分解性聚酯结晶结构中的微弱氢键力的作用 | 佐藤春实 |
| <Abstract> It was found that weak hydrogen bonds are present in the crystal structure of the biodegradable polyesters such as poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB), poly(3-hydroxyvarelate) (PHV), polyglycolic acid (PGA), by using Infrared (IR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and quantum chemical calculations. It is very likely that the CH･･･O hydrogen bonding stabilizes the crystal structures of PHB, PHV, PGA, and related copolymers. Even if the CH･･･O hydrogen bonding is relatively weak, it is extremely important for the stabilization of lamellae. We confirmed the crucial role of C-H･･･O interactions toward the unique “folded” structure of the PHB molecule chain, the crystalline structure stabilization, high melting temperature, and the high copolymer crystallization. Keywords: Weak Hydrogen Bond / Biodegradable Polyester / Crystal Structure / Infrared Spectroscopy / X-ray Diffraction / Quantum Chemical Calculation |
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| 由DNA折纸制备的单分子功能元器件 | 葛谷明纪 |
| <Abstract> DNA origami is the process in which long single-stranded DNA molecules are folded into arbitrary planar nanostructures with the aid of many short staple strands. Since its striking introduction, DNA origami has dramatically widened the scope of applications of DNA nanotechnology based on the programmed assembly of branched DNA junctions. DNA origami can be used to construct not only arbitrary two-dimensional nanostructures but also nano-sized breadboards for the arraying of nanomaterials or even complicated three-dimensional nano-objects. This review briefly summarizes the basic designs principle of DNA origami as well as its application to functional single-molecular devices. Keywords: DNA / DNA Nanotechnology / DNA Origami / AFM / Molecular Devices / Molecular Robotics |
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| 高分子科学与我：个人独白 |
| Aiming To Be A Researcher Who Uses Not Only Synchrotron Radiation | 小川纩树 |
| <Abstract> In the construction period of BL03XU at SPring-8, I really had a great experience. In future, I need to develop my research using not only synchrotron radiation but also neutron scattering methods. |
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| 高分子科学最新进展 |
| 光活性控制自由基聚合 | 山子 茂，中村泰之 |
| <Abstract> Recent developments in photo-induced living/controlled radical polymerization (LRP) reaction are summarized. Photochemistry offers unique solutions to several problems in the conventional LRP, such as increase of the fidelity of α-polymer end structure in TERP and RAFT and significant decrease of the amount of metal catalysts used in ATRP. It also provides new opportunity to attain new control, such as time and spatial control in addition to the control of molecular weight of the resulting polymers. In sharp contrast to conventional photochemical reactions which requires high-intensity light source and uses high-energy UV-light, the reactions described here usually take place under mild irradiation conditions by using long-UV or visible lights by using low-intensity light sources. These unique features offer new possibilities in both basic and applied researches in LRP. Keywords: Living/Controlled Radical Polymerization / Photochemistry / TERP / ATRP / RAFT / Polymerization Control |
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