| 高分子 Vol.68 No.10 |
| >> Japanese | >> English |
特集 高分子の硬化と成型
|
| 展望 COVER STORY: Highlight Reviews |
| 熱硬化性樹脂の構造解析 Inhomogeneity of Thermosetting Resins |
中尾 俊夫・和泉 篤士 Toshio NAKAO, Atsushi IZUMI |
| ＜要旨＞ 熱硬化性樹脂は硬化と成形が同時に進行する高分子で、その実用上の信頼性を担保するうえでポイントとなる架橋構造の不均一性は十分解明されてこなかった。近年の解析技術の進歩により不均一性についての知見が急増しつつある。本稿ではフェノール樹脂とエポキシ樹脂を例に量子ビームによる散乱解析など最近の解析手法と得られた知見を紹介する。 Keywords: Thermosetting Resins / Cross-Linked Structure / Inhomogeneity / Scattering Analysis / Free Volume / Persistent Homology |
| ページトップへ▲ |
| ネットワークポリマーの高性能化に向けた剛直モノマーの分子設計 Molecular Designs of Rigid Monomers for High-Performance Networked Polymers |
須藤 篤 Atsushi SUDO |
| ＜要旨＞ ネットワークポリマーは幅広い産業分野を支える材料であり、その性能に対する要求はこれまで以上に高まっている。本稿では、これまでのネットワークポリマーの高性能化を可能にしてきたモノマーの中心骨格に焦点を当てつつ、近年活発化してきた天然物由来のモノマー開発の現状を交えながら、剛直モノマーの設計について概説する。 Keywords: Network Polymer / High-Performance / Multifunctional Monomer / Rigidity / Epoxide / Benzoxazine / Cyanate |
| ページトップへ▲ |
| トピックス COVER STORY: Topics and Products |
| 光塩基発生剤を利用した硬化反応 Curing Reactions by Using Photobase Generators |
陶山 寛志 Kanji SUYAMA |
| ＜要旨＞ For the purpose of curing, photobase generators (PBGs) are attractive functional molecules. So far, carmbamates, O-acyloximes, aromatic amides and aldehydes, ortho-hydroxy-trans-cinnamamides, piperidines spiro-linked with azobenzene unit, α-aminoketones, amineimides and transition metal complexes have been proposed as PBGs that release amines mainly. Other families such as ammonium salts, reduced form of amidines, metallocenes, triphenylmethane derivatives, and nifedipines can release basic materials other than amines. Generated bases can work as nucleophiles to form covalent bonds or activate bond-formation reactions. Also, the bases are able to abstract protons from acidic molecules. Especially, strong bases abstract protons from acidic molecules such as alcohols, thiols, diketones, ketoesters, which form covalent bonds with acrylates, isocyanates, thiocyanates, epoxides, and thiiranes. These bond formations are highly useful for polymerization of monomers containing multi-functional monomers or cross-linking of polymers bearing such functional groups. Keywords: Photobase Generaor / Curing / Photopolymerization / Photo-Induced Cross-Linking / Nucleophile / Brönstead Base |
| ページトップへ▲ |
| エポキシ樹脂の光硬化～光反応の増幅～ Photocuring of Epoxy Resins: Amplification of Photoreactions |
有光 晃二 Koji ARIMITSU |
| ＜要旨＞ A system that amplifies the first stage of a photochemical reaction by connecting several thermochemical reactions is called cascade-type chemistry. Cascade-type chemistry will enable us to create highly sensitive photopolymers, such as photoresists and UV curing materials. We have developed compounds that generate organic acids and bases autocatalytically, denoted as either acid amplifiers or base amplifiers, because the number of acid or base molecules can be boosted in a nonlinear manner as a result of the autocatalytic decomposition of the amplifier. Our effort has been focused on the development of these amplifiers, and on how to combine these acid or base amplifiers with photoacid or photobase generator systems, because a small concentration of photogenerated acidic or basic species may be amplified. This results in a marked enhancement of the subsequent acid- or base-catalyzed curing reactions of epoxy compounds. Surprisingly, these systems enable us to cure opaque epoxy resins by UV irradiation and subsequent heating. Keywords: UV Curing / Epoxy Resin / Acid Amplifier / Base Amplifier / Photoacid Generator / Photobase Generator / Photochemical Reaction / Cascade-Type Chemistry |
| ページトップへ▲ |
| 熱可塑性CFRP加工技術の開発 Development of Processing Technology for CFRTP |
奥村 航 Wataru OKUMURA |
| ＜要旨＞ Several processing technologies of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Thermoplastic (CFRTP) are featured in the topic. First, the Double Belt Press (DBP) process is reported. The method is able to produce a board of CFRTP continuously. Second, the press molding process of CFRTP is reported. Some CFRTP products formed by this method are introduced. And some attention points in the procedure are explained. Finally, two welding processes of CFRTP are reported. A vibration welding process is welded by frictional heat at vibration. As an applied example of the process, a CFRTP honeycomb core sandwich, which we have developed, is reported. A laser welding process is a new method that we developed recently. The features of the laser welding process is reported. Keywords: Carbon Fiber Reinforced Thermoplastic (CFRTP) / Processing Technologies |
| ページトップへ▲ |
| 導電性高分子を用いた機能性CFRP Functional CFRP Using Conductive Polymers |
横関 智弘 Tomohiro YOKOZEKI |
| ＜要旨＞ The effectiveness of lightning damage suppression by a carbon-fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) laminate with a newly developed polyaniline (PANI)-based conductive thermosetting resin is introduced. We developed the PANI-based conductive thermosetting resin using dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid (DBSA) as a dopant and divinylbenzene (DVB) as a crosslinking agent, which improved the electrical conductivity and homogeneity of the resin. The develped PANI-based composite, when subjected to simulated lightning currents of 40 kA, showed dramatic improvements in lightning damage resistance compared to the conventional CF/epoxy composite. Keywords: Conductive Polymer / CFRP / Lighnig Damage Suppression / Electrical Properties / Mechanical Properties |
| ページトップへ▲ |
| グローイングポリマー Polymer Science and I: A Personal Account |
| 筆者にとってのソフトマターの「謎」 My Curiosity about Soft Matter |
森下 善広 Yoshihiro MORISHITA |
| ＜要旨＞ Although a lot of problems remain unsolved for soft matters, we can find various industrial products made of soft matter, such as tires. I’m interested in the topic of soft matter and try now to satisfy my curiosity through the investigation of industrial rubber products. |
| ページトップへ▲ |
| 高分子科学最近の進歩 Front-Line Polymer Science |
| 高速原子間力顕微鏡による生体・合成高分子の動態イメージング Dynamics Imaging of Biological/Synthetic Polymers with High-Speed Atomic Force Microscopy |
内橋 貴之 Takayuki UCHIHASHI |
| ＜要旨＞ Atomic force microscopy (AFM) is a powerful tool to visualize the material surface at nm resolution even under liquid condition and thus has been applied to a wide variety of specimens so far. One of the most coveted new functions of AFM is “fast recording” because it should allow us to directly visualize dynamic processes that occur at solid/liquid interfaces. We have been challenging to break this limitation over 15 years and established high-speed AFM that enables to capture successive images with temporal resolution less than 100 ms. Further, the interaction force between the tip and the sample, which significantly influences the measurement on soft materials, is greatly reduced without deterioration of the scanning performance. This review first gives an overview of key techniques to realize fast AFM imaging. Then recent applications on single protein dynamics, supramolecular assembly/manipulation and structural dynamics of hydrogel particles are demonstrated. Keywords: High-Speed Atomic Force Microscopy / Visualization / Single-Molecule Dynamics / Supramolecular Assembly / Structural Manipulation / Thermosensitive Hydrogel Particle |
| ページトップへ▲ |
| Copyright(C) 2019 The Society of Polymer Science, Japan All Rights Reserved. |