POLYMERS@Vol.59@No.10
>> Chinese >> English >> Japanese >> Korean
COVER STORY
Frontier in Precision Polymerization
Growing Polymers: A Personal Account
Days with Cyclodextrins Yasushi OKUMURA
<Abstract> Looking back at my research life, this essay traces the encounters with cyclodextrins and polyrotaxanes, the development of slide-ring gels, and the establishment of a venture company for commercialization of slide-ring materials involving many people, various support systems and investments.
Top of the Page
Research for Commercialization Yuichi YAMAMURA
<Abstract> One of the missions of Mitsui Chemicalsf R&D program is to speed up the research and development and commercialization of products. To achieve this, inter-departmental cooperation is required.
Top of the Page
COVER STORY: Highlight Reviews
Stereospecific Living Coordination Polymerization of Propylene Takeshi SHIONO and Zhengguo CAI
<Abstract> The development of well-defined transition metal complexes for olefin polymerization catalysis has resulted in a variety of unique living polymerization systems. This article reviews new developments of stereospecific living polymerization systems of propylene and their application to the synthesis of novel block copolymers composed of stereoregular polypropylene sequences. However, an equivalent amount of the transition metal complex to the number of polymer chains is necessary in these living polymerizations. Recent advances in the catalytic synthesis of monodisperse polyolefins and olefin block copolymers, which can overcome this shortcoming of living polymerization, are also described.
Keywords: Ziegler-Natta Catalyst / Single-Site Catalyst / Living Polymerization / Stereospecific Polymerization / Propylene / Block Copolymer / Catalytic Polymerization
Top of the Page
Sequence Control in Radical Polymerization Masami KAMIGAITO and Kotaro SATOH
<Abstract> Control of monomer sequence is one of the ultimate goals of synthetic polymer chemistry. This article introduces recent developments of sequence control in radical polymerizations, such as precision synthesis of alternating and gradient copolymers with controlled molecular weights by living radical polymerization and sequence-regulated vinyl copolymers by metal-catalyzed step-growth radical polymerization.
Keywords: Radical Polymerization / Living Polymerization / Monomer Sequence / Alternating Copolymer / Gradient Copolymer / Vinyl Polymer
Top of the Page
Development of Polymerization in Asymmetric Liquid Crystal Reaction Field: Synthesis of Helical Polyacetylene and Precision Control of Its Helical Structure Munju GOH and Kazuo AKAGI
<Abstract> Polymerization in an asymmetric reaction field using a chiral nematic liquid crystal has been attracting current interests because it enabled us to precisely control helical structures of conjugated polymers. This article reviews recent advances and development of asymmetric polymerization in chiral liquid crystal.
Keywords: Conjugated Polymer / Helical Polyacetylene / Asymmetric Reaction Field / Chiral Nematic Liquid Crystal / Chiral Inversion / Hierarchical Structure / Binaphthyl Derivative / Cis-Rich Helical Polyacetylene
Top of the Page
COVER STORY:Topics and Products
Polymerization of Diazoacetates Initiated with Transition Metal Complexes Eiji IHARA
<Abstract> High molecular weight syndiotactic poly(ethoxycarbonylmethylenes) were prepared by Rh-initiated polymerization of ethyl diazoacetate. (NHC) Pd/borate systems were effective for the polymerization of diazoacetates with a variety of ester groups.
Keywords: Diazoacetate / Rh Complex / Pd Complex / Poly (Substituted Methylene) / Stereoselective Polymerization
Top of the Page
Emergence of Gelationous Chain Transfer Agents gRAFT Gelhs via Chemoselective Polycondensation Akinori TAKASU and Ken YAMAMOTO
<Abstract> Scandium trifluoromethanesulfonate [Sc(OTf)3]-catalyzed chemoselective dehydration polycondensations of thiomalic acid (TMA) with several diols afforded linear polyesters having pendant mercapto groups (Mn > 1.0 ~ 104). We also demonstrated cross-linkings of the pendent mercapto groups using thiocarbonyldiimidazole (TCDI) to prepare gelationous chain transfer agents gRAFT Gelhs.
Keywords: Polyester / Chemoselective Dehydration Polycondensation / Mercapto Group / Reversible Addition-Fragmentation Chain Transfer (RAFT) Polymerization / Gelationous Chain Transfer Agents gRAFT Gelhs
Top of the Page
Controlled Isomerization Polymerization of Dienes and Cycloolefins: Synthesis and Aggregation Behaviors of the New Polymers Daisuke TAKEUCHI and Kohtaro OSAKADA
<Abstract> Diimine Pd complexes promote isomerization polymerization of 1,6-dienes and cyclopentenes to result in polymers composed of cyclopentane and an oligomethylene spacer. The isotactic polymers of 4-alkylcyclopentenes show liquid crystalline properties.
Keywords: Diene / Cycloolefin / Pd Complex / Isomerization Polymerization / Cyclopolymerization / Stereoselective Polymerization / Liquid Crystalline
Top of the Page
Precision Copolymerization of Epoxides with Carbon Dioxide Koji NAKANO and Kyoko NOZAKI
<Abstract> Copolymerization of propylene oxide (PO) with CO2 was investigated by using cobalt (III) complexes bearing piperidinium end-capping arm (s). The catalyst system can selectively produce poly (propylene carbonate) (PPC) even at complete conversion of PO. Regio- and enantiomer-selective copolymerization resulted in stereogradient-type PPC.
Keywords: Epoxide / Carbon Dioxide / Copolymerization / Regioregularity / Stereoregularity
Top of the Page
Living Radical Polymerizations with Organic Catalysts Atsushi GOTO
<Abstract> Living radical polymerizations (LRPs) using organic (P, N, O, and C-centered) catalysts were developed. The catalysts include such common compounds as phosphites (P), amines (N), phenols (O), and dienes (C). Attractive features of the LRPs include good environmental safety, low cost, and robustness.
Keywords: Living Radical Polymerization / Organic Catalysts / Phosphorus / Nitrogen / Oxygen / Carbon
Top of the Page
The Forefront of Materials Synthesized by Living Radical Polymerization Takashi KAMESHIMA
<Abstract> The polymers synthesized by living radical polymerization have a wide potential application in various areas, and the recent progress of research has enabled the polymerization method to be scaled up for commercial production.
Living radical polymerization technology has the possibility to create a new business field by providing new functional materials.
Keywords: Living Radical Polymerization / TERP / Block Copolymer / Nanotechnology / Pressure Sensitive Adhesives
Top of the Page
Covalent Dynamic Polymers Based on C=N Bonds in Imines and Hydrazones Shunsuke FUJII and Takashi ONO
<Abstract> The presented topics concern both basic and applied research on covalent dynamic polymers based on C=N bonds in imines and hydrazones, capable of responding to physical triggers or to chemical effectors by modification of their very constitution, and thus constitute a new class of adaptive, gintelligenth materials.
Keywords: Dynamic Covalent Bonds / Dynamic Polymers / Adaptive Materials
Top of the Page
Front-Line Polymer Science
Role of Polymer Materials in Electronic Paper Masayoshi HIGUCHI
<Abstract> Electronic paper, which can hold images even after the power is turned off, has received much attention as next generationfs display, because it will contribute energy- and resource-saving. An electrophoretic style of electronic paper is already commercially available as electronic books such as the gKindle™h, but now colorization of electronic paper is one of the biggest topics. It is considered that an electrochromic style of electronic paper is a promising way to achieve the colorization. Many electrochromic materials have been reported so far. Especially, organic-metallic hybrid polymers formed by the complexation of metal ions as Fe(II) or Ru(II) with bis(terpyridine) ligands have specific colors based on metal-to-ligand charge transfer (MLCT) absorption and were revealed to show electrochromic properties by electrochemical redox reactions of the metal ions. Multicolor electrochromic change was also achieved by the introduction of two types of metal ions into the polymer. New polymer materials such as organic-metallic hybrid polymers may open the next door toward ultimate paper-like displays.
Keywords: Electronic Papers / Electrochromic Properties / Organic-Metallic Hybrid Polymers / Metallo-Supramolecular Polyelectrolytes / Multicolor / Solid-State Devices / Smart Windows
Top of the Page