| 高分子 Vol.68 No.5 |
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特集 温室効果ガス分離材料最前線
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| 展望 COVER STORY: Highlight Reviews |
| 資源開発と温暖化 Natural Resources Development and Global Warming |
一ノ瀬 泉 Izumi ICHINOSE |
| ＜要旨＞ 石油や天然ガスは、一次エネルギーとして、またさまざまな化学製品の出発原料として重要であるが、その生産では、メタンや二酸化炭素などの温室効果ガスを排出している。これらの排出量の低減に向けて、経済的に利用可能な分離技術とはどのようなものであるか？ また、今後どのような技術が求められるのか？ 高分子材料への期待と合わせて考察する。 Keywords: Oil & Gas / Methane Emission / Separation Technology |
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| CO2分離材料：世界の開発動向 Trends in R&D of Separation Materials for CO2 Capture |
谷口 育雄 Ikuo TANIGUCHI |
| ＜要旨＞ CO2回収貯留および有効利用技術の実用化には、そのコストの大半を占めるCO2分離回収において、効率的な分離回収技術の確立が必須である。大規模CO2発生源でのCO2分離回収を目的として、これまで吸収法、吸着法、および膜分離法の研究開発が行われてきた。ここでは、膜分離を中心としたCO2分離材料の開発動向について紹介する。 Keywords: Absorption / Adsorption / Amine / CO2 Capture / Cabon Capture and Storage / Utilization / Membrane |
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| トピックス COVER STORY: Topics and Products |
| 光に応答する結晶性多孔体 Photo-Responsive Porous Materials |
佐藤 弘志 Hiroshi SATO |
| ＜要旨＞ Nanoporous compounds have been widely used because of their practical applications for gas storage, separation, and in molecular catalysis. Porous coordination polymers (PCPs)/metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have been intensively studied because of their high customizability for porous properties by choosing various combinations of organic ligands and metal ions. One of the unique features for PCPs/MOFs is their “responsive” nature of crystalline frameworks to external stimuli such as photoirradiation. Here, some recent achievements in our research group about photo-responsive crystalline materials for the control of molecular adsorption are reported. Keywords: Photo-Responsive Materials / Porous Materials / Porous Coordination Polymers / Metal-Organic Frameworks / Sorption |
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| 固体吸収材による省エネルギーCO2回収 Energy-Saving CO2 Capture using Solid Sorbents |
山田 秀尚・余語 克則 Hidetaka YAMADA, Katsunori YOGO |
| ＜要旨＞ CO2 capture using amine solid sorbents is an alternative method that avoids the energy penalty associated with conventional liquid absorbents, because solid sorbents have the advantages of low specific heat and low volatility. The Research Institute of Innovative Technology for the Earth (RITE) has been developing an amine-based solid sorbent system since 2010 on the basis of RITE’s novel amine absorbent and porous adsorbent technologies. In order to effectively reduce the regeneration energy and avoid amine degradation, we demonstrated a unique strategy for adopting low-temperature processes through the modification of a polyamine by attaching hindered functional groups to the terminal primary amino groups. In this report, we show the peformance of our solid sorbents and the current status of the R&D project, aiming to establish a solid sorbent system that captures CO2 from coal-fired power plants. Keywords: Absorption / Adsorption / Amine / Porous Material / Post-Combustion CO2 Capture / Steam-Aided Vacuum Swing Adsorption |
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| ナノ粒子の効果的な分散による膜分離CO2回収貯留（CCS）に資する高選択性混合マトリクス膜（MMM）の開発 Effective Dispersion of Nano-Sized MOF Particles in Mixed Matrix Membrane (MMM) Leading to an Acceleration of Scale-up Membrane-Based Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) Technology |
Easan SIVANIAH Easan SIVANIAH |
| ＜要旨＞ Nowadays a commercial polymer shows rather acceptable gas selectivity and further enhancement of permeability has been earnestly demanded in reducing the membrane area for energy-efficient CO2 capture. Here we report an example of an emerging favourable synergy for application of gas separation mixed matrix membrane (MMM) between high-permeability polymer of intrinsic microporosity (PIM) and amine-functionalized nano-size-controlled filler. Usually porous additives are employed with intention of enhancing gas permeability with polymers of low intrinsic permeability. While in the case of this study, an effective improvement of selectivity was achieved by adding size controlled filler to rather high-permeability of the porous matrix polymer. The enhancement of selectivity became grater by utilizing (amine) functionalized filler of reduced particle size, which turned out to be well-dispersed in the polymer matrices with formation of less voids at PIM/filler interfaces resulting in significant decrease of non-selective gas permeation through those defects. Keywords: Carbon Capture / Mixed Matrix Membrane (MMM) / Polymers of Intrinsic Microporosity (PIM) / Size-Controlled Filler / Gas Permeability / Selectivity / Interface / Defects |
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| ガス分離用炭素膜モジュールの開発 Development of Carbon Membrane Module for Gas Separation |
吉宗 美紀 Miki YOSHIMUNE |
| ＜要旨＞ Carbon membranes are a type of inorganic membranes in which the active separation layer consists of carbon or carbides. Carbon membranes have excellent gas and vapor separation performances due to the molecular sieve effect. Carbon membranes can be applied to the separation of corrosive gases and organic solvents by taking advantage of the chemical resistance of carbon. This article summarizes our recent research and the development of carbon membrane modules from a practical application perspective is also discussed. Keywords: Carbon Membrane / Molecular Sieve / Gas Separation / Hollow Fiber / Poly(phenylene oxide) |
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| グローイングポリマー Polymer Science and I: A Personal Account |
| 個性と情熱 Personality and Passion |
青木 大輔 Daisuke AOKI |
| ＜要旨＞ I cannot do research alone, and thus I am very grateful for the great opportunity to work on polymer chemistry and to those people, who constantly guide, help, and evaluate me, and who provide me constructive criticism on my work. As a token of gratitude, I would like to be a researcher who makes an impact on the next generation. |
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| 高分子科学最近の進歩 Front-Line Polymer Science |
| 次世代型電解重合法 Next-Generation Electropolymerization |
稲木 信介 Shinsuke INAGI |
| ＜要旨＞ Bipolar electrochemistry, which involves redox reactions on a wireless electrode (bipolar electrode) in low concentration of supporting electrolyte, has attracted much attention due to its versatile use in interdisciplinary fields ranging from analytical chemistry to materials science. In this article, we focus on the recent progress in electropolymerization of aromatic monomers using bipolar electrochemistry (bipolar electropolymerization). Site-selective modification of conductors, such as carbon nanotubes, metal plates and particles with conducting polymers is realized. Conducting polymer fiber formation by alternating-current bipolar electropolymerization is also included. Keywords: Conducting Polymer / Electrolysis / Electropolymerization / Functional Material / Oxidation / Hybrid Material / Bipolar Electrode / Polymer Fiber |
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