| 高分子 Vol.73 No.5 |
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特集 高分子の合成・物性・機能を司る「
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| 展望 COVER STORY: Highlight Reviews |
| 汎用モノマー交互共重合体の合成と配列物性 Alternating Copolymers of Commodity Monomer Units: Synthesis and Sequence-Dependent Properties |
大内 誠 Makoto OUCHI |
| ＜要旨＞ 側鎖変換を利用して、通常のラジカル共重合では合成できない（メタ）アクリレート、アクリルアミド、スチレン、ビニルエーテルなどの汎用モノマーを含む交互共重合体の合成を達成した。変換で用いる化合物を変えることでさまざまな側鎖置換基を導入可能で、配列の制御されていない共重合体と比較することで交互配列に基づく物性を明らかにした。 Keywords: Sequence / Radical Copolymerization / Alternating Copolymer / Post-Polymerization Modification |
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| 環境対応型スーパーエンプラ「ゼコット」 Polymerization of Eco-Friendly Super Engineering Plastic “XecoT” |
中井 誠 Makoto NAKAI |
| ＜要旨＞ 「ゼコット」は、環境対応型のスーパーエンジニアリングプラスチックである。その正体は植物由来原料の1,10-デカンジアミンを使用したナイロン10Tであり、耐熱ナイロンとして優れた性能を有する。ナイロン合成技術と粉体技術を融合した当社独自の重合方法を開発し、2012年から生産販売中である。 Keywords: XecoT / 1,10-decandiamine / Unitika / Nylon / Powder |
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| ヘテロ元素化学を活かした電池材料 Battery Materials Design Based on Heteroatom Chemistry |
松見 紀佳 Noriyoshi MATSUMI |
| ＜要旨＞ 本稿ではホウ素や窒素などのヘテロ元素の特性を活かした電池材料の設計例について概説する。電池材料設計においては、電解質やバインダー材料、人工界面（SEI；固体電解質界面およびCEI；正極電解質界面）、活物質のそれぞれにおいて特色ある材料の探索が行われており、ヘテロ元素の積極的な活用は有効なアプローチとなっている。本稿ではバインダー、人工界面、活物質のそれぞれに関する近年の研究事例を紹介する。 Keywords: Lithium-Ion Secondary Batteries / Hetero Atom Chemistry / Polymer Binders / Solid Electrolyte Interface / Active Materials / Nitrogen-Doped Carbon / Silicon Anode / Fast Charge-Discharge |
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| トピックス COVER STORY: Topics and Products |
| 水素を用いた難分解性プラスチックのケミカルリサイクル Chemical Recycling of Plastics utilizing Hydrogen Gas |
岩﨑 孝紀・高橋 講平 Takanori IWASAKI, Kohei TAKAHASHI |
| ＜要旨＞ Chemical recycling of plastics has received much attention to realize a sustainable society through carbon neutralization. In this context, we have developed transition-metal-catalyzed hydrogenolysis of plastics into their monomers. A novel Ir complex bearing a phosphine-pyrrolido ligand catalyzed hydrogenolysis of ureas into formamides and amines. This Ir catalyst showed a unique chemoselectivity that discriminated urea even in the presence of more reactive carbonyl functionalities, including ester and amide. The Ir catalyst degraded polyurea resin into diformamide and diamine. Because dehydrogenative polymerization of diformamides and diamines has been reported, the combination of these catalyses enables chemical recycling of polyurea resin only by H2 transfer. Another important target resin to be degraded is epoxy resins, whose main chain comprises the ethereal C(sp3)–O bond. Ni-catalyzed hydrogenolysis of β-hydroxyalkyl aryl ether has been developed, which was successfully applied to a degradation of an amine-cured bisphenol A based epoxy resin with recovery of bisphenol A in good yield. Keywords: Hydrogen Gas / Hydrogenolysis / Catalyst / Chemical Recycling / Epoxy Resin / Polyurea Resin |
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| 立体規則性COPの開発と工業化 Development and Industrialization of Stereoregular Polynorbornenes |
早野 重孝・古国府 明 Shigetaka HAYANO, Akira FURUKO |
| ＜要旨＞ A stereoregular Cyclo Olefin Polymer was developed as a means to enhance various properties of conventional Cyclo Olefin Polymer (COP). Stereocontrol of ROMP of norbornene monomers was achieved in the industrial scale. Thermal properties of stereoregular hydrogenated polynorbornenes were investigated thoroughly. The designed stereoregular COP, ZEONEX®T62R, has high Tg and heat-resistant yellowing. ZEONEX®T62R is being used for automotive applications including sensing cameras and sensors, taking advantage of these characteristics. We will use the Stereocontrol of ROMP technology to develop new COP in the future. Keywords: LiDAR / Cycloolefin / Metathesis / ROMP / Stereoselective / Stereoregular / Crystalline / Polyolefin |
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| 「一」時的な架橋をもつ液体材料の粘弾性 Viscoelasticity of Transient Network Materials with Temporal Crosslinks |
片島 拓弥 Takuya KATASHIMA |
| ＜要旨＞ Polymer networks like rubber and gels are formed by crosslinking polymer chains into three-dimensional networks, displaying unique elasticity. Transient networks, different from rubber and gels, form through reversible bonds and exhibit gel-like behavior under stress but act like liquids over time. This article addresses challenges in understanding the viscoelastic properties of these materials. Traditional models, based on rubber elasticity and cross-link lifespan, clashed with experimental findings due to limited control over network structures. The author introduced a model transient network, using boronic acids and diols for reversible cross-linking at branched polymer ends, allowing structural control. Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) studies revealed that viscoelastic relaxation times are influenced by both crosslink lifetime and network structure. These findings underscore the importance of the network’s backbone in viscoelasticity understanding and open avenues for future material functionalization applications. Keywords: Polymer Networks / Transient Networks / Rheology / Viscoelasticity / Surface Plasmon Resonance |
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| 桂皮酸誘導体を用いた環境に優しい高性能プラスチック開発 High-Performance and Environmentally Friendly Plastic Production through Cinnamic Acid Derivatives |
高田 健司 Kenji TAKADA |
| ＜要旨＞ Bioproducible 4-aminocinnamic acid selectively produces symmetric dimers (truxillic acid/truxinic acid) by chemical treatment and photodimerization. The unique structure of these dimers allow for the synthesis of high-performance plastics such as biobased polyimides and polyamides. By tuning the functional group of cinnamic acid, diamines with a bending structure are obtained. Polyimides derived from these diamines exhibit organic solvent solubility and can repeatedly form films with sufficient strength. In addition to organic solvent solubility, alkali metal saltation of the carboxylic acid can impart water solubility to the biobased polyimide. This modification reaction not only confers water solubility, but also facilitates hydrogel formation, suggesting a reactive polyimide. The distinctive structure provided by cinnamic acid is a promising material for precise control of material properties and will promise future developments in areas such as tailor-made physical properties. Keywords: Cinnamic Acids / Biobased Polymers / [2+2]Cycloaddition Reaction / Polyimides |
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| グローイングポリマー Polymer Science and I: A Personal Account |
| 若手研究者の選択と集中 Selection and Concentration of a Young Researcher |
西口 昭広 Akihiro NISHIGUCHI |
| ＜要旨＞ “Selection and concentration” refers to the concentration of management resources in specific business fields, and is also used in science and technology policy. Here, I would like to introduce my research by applying the words “selection and concentration” to my own research life. |
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| 高分子科学最近の進歩 Front-Line Polymer Science |
| 荷電π電子系の規則配列による機能創出 Ion-Pairing Assemblies of Charged π-Electronic Systems for Nonconventional Properties and Functionalities |
羽毛田 洋平・前田 大光 Yohei HAKETA, Hiromitsu MAEDA |
| ＜要旨＞ Ion pairs of charged π-electronic systems form assemblies with ordered arrangement through iπ–iπ interactions. The assemblies show various functionalities derived from the unique arrangement of the charged π-electronic systems with fascinating structures and electronic states. We summarize recent advances and achievements of the ion-pairing assemblies especially focusing on their assembly styles. Keywords: Charged π-Electronic Systems / Ion-Pairing Assemblies / Dimension-Controlled Assemblies / iπ–iπ Interactions |
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