| 高分子 Vol.73 No.7 |
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特集 ゴム材料の未来を語ろう
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| 展望 COVER STORY: Highlight Reviews |
| タイヤ産業におけるサステナビリティ Sustainability in the Tire Industry |
大月 正珠 Masashi OTSUKI |
| ＜要旨＞ 複雑化するサステナビリティ経営のなか、製造業においては基盤となるサステナビリティ関連技術の構築とサーキュラーエコノミーの実現が重要である。タイヤ産業においてもその環境変化は斉一である。本稿ではブリヂストンにおけるサステナビリティビジネス構想とそれを推進する各種取り組みを紹介する。 Keywords: Rubber / Tire Industry / Recycle / Sustainability / Circular Economy / Renewable Material |
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| カーボンニュートラル実現に向けたタイヤ開発 Tire Development to Achieve Carbon Neutrality |
網野 直也 Naoya AMINO |
| ＜要旨＞ カーボンニュートラルを目指したタイヤ開発の一例として、再生可能資源であるエタノールから合成ゴムの基幹化学品であるブタジエンを生成する技術開発とその実用化に向けた取り組みについて紹介する。さらに、こうした開発を効率的に進めるための機械学習（AI）の利用技術やその将来展望について述べる。 Keywords: Tire / Carbon Neutrality / Rubber / Ethanol / Butadiene / Renewable Resource / Green Innovation / Machine Learning |
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| 先端実験施設のビッグデータ解析における展望 Prospects for Big Data Analysis in Advanced Experimental Facilities |
間下 亮・増井 友美・岸本 浩通 Ryo MASHITA, Tomomi MASUI, Hiroyuki KISHIMOTO |
| ＜要旨＞ 持続可能な社会の実現に向け、SPring-8などの先端実験施設で省資源に関するタイヤ材料の高強度化や性能持続に関する研究に取り組んでいる。先端実験施設の計測技術の高度化にともない、良質なデータを大量に取得することが可能となってきており、タイヤ材料開発を促進するためのビッグデータ活用が重要となる。ビッグデータ解析の基盤とその応用、さらに最新の計測技術開発について紹介する。 Keywords: Big Data / Cutting-Edge Experimental Facility / Rubber / Sustainability |
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| トピックス COVER STORY: Topics and Products |
| 天然ゴム資源の高度利活用技術の構築 Construction of Advanced Utilization Technology for Natural Rubber Resources |
笠井 大輔・渡利 高大・山本 祥正 Daisuke KASAI, Takahiro WATARI, Yoshimasa YAMAMOTO |
| ＜要旨＞ This research aims to develop technology for the production of protein-free natural rubber and its application in automotive and medical products. The technology to be developed in this research aims to solve environmental problems related to rubber waste and wastewater generated in the rubber production process. The process efficiently removes proteins from natural rubber latex, laying the groundwork for large-scale production. The challenge is to optimize the conditions for vulcanization of protein-free natural rubber in production, since proteins that promote vulcanization have not been present in the past. They are also investigating the biodegradation of natural rubber waste by isolating bacteria capable of degrading cis-1,4-polyisoprene. In addition, they are working on innovative wastewater treatment technologies to reduce the environmental impact of chemical emissions from rubber production. Successful development of these technologies is expected to have a positive impact on the rubber and tire industry by making a significant contribution to a sustainable carbon cycle in line with climate change targets. Keywords: Natural Rubber / Protein-Free Natural Rubber / Vulcanization / Biodegradation / Wastewater Treatment / Sustainable Development / Rubber Industry / Degradation Enzymes |
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| マルチネットワークエラストマー「熱可塑性と耐熱性の両立」 Multi-Network Elastomer Coexisting between Thermoplasticity and Creep Resistance |
知野 圭介 Keisuke CHINO |
| ＜要旨＞ In general, since rubber has a weak interaction between molecular chains, if it is not crosslinked, it will flow and cannot withstand actual use. Covalent crosslinked rubber has high mechanical strength properties due to the strong bonding force of crosslinking, but it is difficult to reshape and recycle because of the difficulty to cleave the crosslink. Meanwhile, thermoplastic elastomers use physical interactions between molecular chains to suppress fluidity and express physical properties. Although it can be reshaped by disconnecting the physical crosslink due to heat, it lacks heat resistance. Earlier, by crosslinking with strong hydrogen bonds, we developed a thermoreversible crosslinked rubber with physical properties similar to vulcanized rubber. However, the creep resistance was not at a satisfactory level because the hydrogen bond was recombined. Therefore, we developed a multi-network elastomer that introduces three types of cross-linking: covalent bonding, and clay-plane bonding, in addition to hydrogen bonding. This elastomer showed high strength and high creep resistance while being thermoplastic. Keywords: Multi-Networking System / Crosslinking / Hydrogen Bonds / Static Covalent Bonds / Clay Plane Bonds / Thermoplasticity / Thermal Resistance / Creep Resistance |
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| カーボンニュートラルへ貢献するシール用ゴム材料研究 Advanced Rubber Materials for a Carbon Neutral Economy |
青柳 裕一 Yuichi AOYAGI |
| ＜要旨＞ Seals have progressed in terms of both shape design and material design, and from the perspective of carbon neutrality, it is important to develop products that contribute to a sustainable society. Improving energy efficiency and reduce environmental impact contributes to minimizing the carbon footprint of products. For example, in recent years, oil seals have also been used in rotating parts such as motors for electric mobilities, but these have a higher rotational speed than engines, and the amount of heat generated increases accordingly. In particular, the smaller the diameter, the easier it is for heat to accumulate, and lowering the torque and improving heat resistance will be the key to future development. In addition, with the growing interest in new energy sources such as hydrogen and the circular economy, new functions are required for automotive rubber products other than oil seals and rubber materials used in non-automobiles, and further performance improvements are being pressed. In this report, we provide an overview and prospects for the latest technologies that support them. Keywords: Sealing Technology / Hydorogen / Low Frequstion / Self-Healing |
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| 環境低負荷ポリウレタン弾性材料 Environmentally Low-Impact Elastic Polyurethanes |
三浦 真揮・景岡 正和 Masaki MIURA, Masakazu KAGEOKA |
| ＜要旨＞ Some examples of the development in polyurethane bioplastics are reported. It is important to design the composition, soft and hard segment, for building favorable micro phase separated morphology to achieve physical properties for specific applications. Castor oil-based polyol can be used for flexible polyurethane foams. The effect of dangling chain in polyurethane network is important factor in terms of resilience. Polycaprolactone-based thermoplastic polyurethane shows same level of BOD as cellulose in extracted seawater. A further study is necessary to elucidate the degradation mechanism of hard segment as well as soft segment. Keywords: Polyurethane / Bio-Based Material / Marine Biodegradation / Bioplastics / Microphase Separation |
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| グローイングポリマー Polymer Science and I: A Personal Account |
| 真っ新な気持ちで With a Brand-New Mind |
福井 智也 Tomoya FUKUI |
| ＜要旨＞ In this paper, the author, who was dedicated solely to sports until high school, describes why he decided to pursue a career in chemistry at the university and provides an overview of his research journey to date. |
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| 高分子科学最近の進歩 Front-Line Polymer Science |
| 温故知新：ポリエチレングリコール修飾ナノ粒子の現在 Bridging Old and New: Recent Study of PEGylated Nanoparticles |
児島 千恵 Chie KOJIMA |
| ＜要旨＞ Poly(ethylene glycol), PEG, is also called poly(ethylene oxide), which is one of the most popular biocompatible polymers. Because PEG can supress the non-specific interactions with proteins and cells, PEG-modified nanoparticles (NPs) have been widely used in drug delivery system (DDS). Because of the enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect observed in tumor tissues, PEGylated NPs with blood circulation properties are accumulated in tumors. Recently, many researchers have reported some immunological responses of PEG, which result in the hypersensitivity reaction of PEGylated NPs and attenuated therapeutic effects of drug-loaded PEGylated NPs. Optimizing the strucure of PEGylated NPs could reduce the immune reactions of PEG, and PEG alternatives have been studied for modification to drug carriers. It was reported that the hydration properties of a model drug carrier possibly affected the biodistribution. PEG is a classical polymer, but the properties are quite unique. Therefore, the PEG research is still ongoing. Keywords: Poly(Ethylene Glycol) / Drug Delivery Sysytem / Nanoparticle / Cancer Therapy / Immune Reaction / Hydration |
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