高分子　Vol.59　No.5

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特集　高分子フォトニクス

グローイングポリマー　Growing Polymers: A Personal Account

複雑液体に魅せられて The Potential Applications of Complex Fluids

五十島　健史 Tatsushi ISOJIIMA

＜要旨＞The complex fluids are promising research tools for the development of new materials.

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一山当てよう！ Dig for Your Fortune!

竹内　大介 Daisuke TAKEUCHI

＜要旨＞When I was a graduate student, the professor often told me “Dig for your fortune”. Now I realize that it meant “Find interesting results using an original idea”.

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展望　COVER STORY: Highlight Reviews

超高速光変調のための電気光学ポリマーの開発 Electro-Optic Polymer for Ultra-Fast Optical Modulation

横山　士吉・朴　賢卿・大友　明 Shiyoshi YOKOYAMA, Xianqing PIAO, and Akira OTOMO

＜要旨＞近年，超高速光スイッチングデバイスの研究開発分野で光アクティブポリマーの活用に注目が集まっている。その背景には，米国を中心とした電気光学ポリマーの飛躍的な性能向上の達成を挙げることができる。本稿では，その背景とデバイス開発にいたる現状を紹介するとともに，国内で実施している筆者らの研究開発状況について概説する。 Keywords: Electro-Optic / EO Polymer / Nonlinear Optics / Chromophore / Hyperbranched Polymer / Host-guest Polymer / Optical Modulator

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電気光学ポリマー変調器 Electro-Optic Polymer Modulators

榎波　康文 Yasufumi ENAMI

＜要旨＞電気光学（EO）ポリマーは，ミリ波と光波間の低い屈折率分散と高いEO係数を有し，EO変調器作製に最も適した材料である。薄膜化したEOポリマーは他材料とのハイブリッド化，光集積化が可能で，高速光通信や光接続分野で高速化，低消費電力化の有望なデバイスになりうる。ここでは，ポリマー光変調器とその周辺技術の研究成果を紹介する。 Keywords: Electro-Optic Polymers / Modulators / Hybrid and Integration / High Speed Modulation

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ナノ構造制御材料のフォトニクスデバイスへの展開 Development of Optical and Photonics Devices by Use of Nano Structure Controlled Materials

渡辺　敏行 Toshiyuki WATANABE

＜要旨＞本稿ではサブミクロン以下のスケールで構造制御された材料のフォトニクスデバイスへの展開について紹介する。とくに二光子励起を利用したトップダウン方式による汎用型フォトニクスデバイスの作製法およびボトムアップ型の新規フォトニクスデバイスについて紹介する。 Keywords: Two-photon Excitation / Two-photon Initiated Polymerization / Photopolymerization / Micro Optics / Reversible on-off Switching of Fluorescent Image

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車載光ネットワークの進展とポリマー光デバイス応用 Progress towards an In-Vehicle Optical Network and Polymer Optical Device Application

各務　学 Manabu KAGAMI

＜要旨＞車載ネットワークの大容量化にともない光ファイバー通信への転換が欧州車の情報系を皮切りに始まった。今後本格的に普及させるには部品だけではなく光ファイバー通信システムが低コスト化するような仕様決めと国際標準化が重要である。本解説では，この二つの課題と低コスト化に向けて期待の大きいフォトニクス高分子に対する期待について展望する。 Keywords: In-Vehicle Optical Network / Optical Fiber / Polymer Waveguide / Optical Soldering / Self-Written Waveguide / Standardization

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トピックス　COVER STORY:Topics and Products

フォトアドレス法による長尺／ファインピッチ光導波路 Long Length and Fine Pitch Optical Waveguide Made by Photo-Addressing Method

藤原　誠 Makoto FUJIWARA

＜要旨＞We developed a polynorbornene optical waveguide with high optically transparency, high glass transition temperature, and a fabrication process using a simple pattering process, known as “Photo-addressing”. In the process, only UV irradiation through a photo mask over photosensitive dry film is employed to form a long length and fine pitch optical waveguide. Keywords: Polynorbornene / Optical Waveguide / Photo-Addressing

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フォトリフラクティブ材料 Photorefractive Materials

佐々木　健夫 Takeo SASAKI

＜要旨＞The photorefractive effect is defined as the optical modulation of the refractive index of a medium as a result of a number of processes. The interference of two laser beams in a photorefractive material establishes a refractive index grating. This phenomenon enables us to create various types of photonic applications. Keywords: Photorefractive Effect / Hologram / 3D-display / Photoconductive Polymers / DπA Polymers

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高分子ブロック共重合体を用いたフォトニック結晶の創成 Fabrication of Photonic Crystals Using Block Copolymers

岡本　茂 Shigeru OKAMOTO

＜要旨＞We have succeeded in the fabrication of highly ordered microdomain structures induced by a “differentiating non-solvent” in semi-dilute solutions of ultra-high-molecular weight block copolymers. In the vicinity of the phase boundary of order-disorder transition, large grains with the size in the range of a centimeter are formed and successfully applied to non-linear optical devices. Keywords: Block Copolymer / Photonic Crystal / Non-Linear Optical Property

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フレキシブル電子・光集積デバイス Flexible Organic Electronic and Optical Integrated Devices

大森　裕 Yutaka OHMORI

＜要旨＞Organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs) and photo-detectors (OPDs) are discussed for electro-optical integrated devices with optical signal transmission. OLEDs are used as optical signal generators through polymeric optical fibers, and OPDs are used as receivers. Polymeric materials are discussed for OLEDs and OPDs with high speed operation. Keywords: Organic Light Emitting Diodes / Organic Photo Detectors / Polymeric Waveguides / Optical Integrated Devices / Polymeric Optical Fibers / Conducting Polymers / Polyfluorene Derivatives / Fullerene Derivatives

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高分子材料によるコロイドフォトニック結晶レーザー Polymer Colloidal Photonic Crystal Laser

古海　誓一 Seiichi FURUMI

＜要旨＞ A brief review of recent research progress in the use of colloidal crystals (CCs) as photonics crystals is presented. This review highlights not only interesting precedents of the CC researches, but also a new potential use for polymer CC lasers. Keywords: Polymer / Photonic Crystal / Colloidal Crystal / Laser

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高分子科学最近の進歩　Front-Line Polymer Science

機能性ナノファイバーの新展開 Recent Development in Functional Electrospun Nanofibers

川上　浩良 Hiroyoshi KAWAKAMI

＜要旨＞ Nano-scale fibers prepared through an electrically charged jet of a polymer solution/melt (electrospining) have received a lot of attention. Electrospinning is capable of producing fibers with diameters in a nanometer range. The electrospun nanofibers possess many unique properties including a large specific surface area, a high degree of structural perfection, and superior mechanical properties. The nanofibers have been successfully prepared for many applications, such as filters, optical and chemical sensors, catalyst systems, scaffolds for tissue regeneration, and immobilized enzymes. In addition, many approaches have been developed to obtain uniaxially aligned electrospun nanofibrous structures using specially designed collectors or spinnerets, such as a rotating drum, dual grounded collection plates, two oppositely aligned spinnerets, and parallel auxiliary electrodes. We describe here recent progress in the electrospun nanofiber applications. Keywords: Nanofiber / Electrospinning / Surface Area / Collector / Sensors / Filters / Conductivity

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