高分子　Vol.59　No.7　2010年7月
高分子　Vol.59　No.7
>> Japanese >> English >> Chinese >> Korean
特集　ソフトマターの新しい潮流
グローイングポリマー　Growing Polymers: A Personal Account
グローイングオリゴマー
Growing Oligomer		 河内　岳大
Takehiro KAWAUCHI
＜要旨＞ This personal account is reporting about the author's research life. He would like to express his sincere thanks to former teachers and advisors, who have been demanding and sometimes stubborn, but always cared deeply about science.
ページトップへ▲
技術の柱とお客さま視点
The Core of Technology and Customer Aspects		 宮内　信輔
Shinsuke MIYAUCHI
＜要旨＞ The most important points of achieving good results as an engineer are acquiring a wide range of technological expertise and grasping customer needs appropriately.
ページトップへ▲
展望　COVER STORY: Highlight Reviews
液晶と高分子
Liquid Crystals and Polymers		 菊池　裕嗣・金子　光佑・　樋口博紀
Hirotsugu KIKUCHI, Kosuke KANEKO, and Hiroki HIGUCHI
＜要旨＞液晶の配向秩序や外場に対する応答性と高分子の力学物性や凝集性を組み合わせることで，それぞれの単独ではなし得ないさまざまな機能を生みだすことができる。本記事では，液晶と高分子の分子レベルからマクロなスケールまでの複合化によって生まれる多様な物性や機能について紹介する。
Keywords: Polymer / Liquid-Crystal Composite Film / Polymer-Dispersed Liquid Crystal / Liquid Crystal Elastomer / Liquid Crystal Gel / Blue Phase
ページトップへ▲
分子膜−高分子複合系の幾何学的モデル
Geometrical Models of Amphiphilic Membrane - Polymer Complex Systems		 今井　正幸
Masayuki IMAI
＜要旨＞分子膜−高分子複合系の構造および物性をその幾何学的特徴に注目し，エントロピー的観点からモデル化した研究を紹介する。高分子を内包した膜系では，そのエントロピーの競合により特徴的な形態転移が観察される。一方，高分子を埋め込んだ膜では，高分子鎖の配位エントロピーにより，膜の弾性的性質・メソ構造が大きな影響を受けることを示す。
Keywords: Polymer / Amphiphilic Membrane / Geometrical Model / Polymer Confining Membranes / Polymer Grafting Membranes / Entropic Interaction / Morphology Transition
ページトップへ▲
ポリエチレングリコールによるタンパク質の結晶化
Protein Crystallization Induced by Polyethylene Glycol		 田中　晋平
Shinpei TANAKA
＜要旨＞ポリエチレングリコール（PEG）は，タンパク質の結晶化剤として，幅広く用いられている。本稿では，PEGがタンパク質分子間に誘起する引力相互作用とその帰結としての結晶化を概観する。とくに，いわゆる枯渇相互作用による記述が，タンパク質系でも有効であることを示す。その上で，PEGが誘起するタンパク質分子間相互作用が，結晶化に有利な点を考察する。
Keywords: Protein Crystallization / Polyethylene Glycol / Depletion Interaction
ページトップへ▲
イオン性両親媒性高分子の特性・自己組織化とその制御
Unique Characteristics and Self-Assembling Behavior of Ionic Amphiphilic Block Copolymers		 松岡　秀樹
Hideki MATSUOKA
＜要旨＞イオン性両親媒性高分子は，静電相互作用と疎水性効果が支配する複合系であり，「界面不活性」など非イオン性高分子や低分子イオン性界面活性剤とは異なる特異的性質を示す。その特性と，ミセルや高分子電解質ブラシの環境に応答したナノ構造転移，ポリイオンコンプレックスを利用した新規自己組織体形成など最近の話題を紹介する。
Keywords: Ionic Amphiphilic Block Copolymer / Non-Surface Activity / Polyelectrolyte Brush / Polymer Micelle / Polyion Complex
ページトップへ▲
トピックス　COVER STORY:Topics and Products
ダイボンディングフィルム
Die-Bonding Film		 稲田　禎一
Teiichi INADA
＜要旨＞ Low-modulus die-bonding film is useful for stacked multi-chip packages which are suitable for compact electronic devices. In particular, to cope with the widespread application of very thin semiconductor wafers and Pb-free solders, the films are expected to have both low viscosity in the attaching process and high reliability of bonding in the high temperature reflow process. We studied the phase structure and the property of a new reaction-induced polymer alloy consisting of a low-modulus acrylic polymer and a highly heat-resistant epoxy resin. As a result, this alloy film was clarified to have both high resin flow and good reflow-crack resistance.
Keywords: Polymer Alloy / Epoxy / Acryl / Adhesive
ページトップへ▲
超低消費電力駆動技術を用いた偏光板レス反射型液晶ディスプレイ
Polarizer-Free Reflective LCD Using Ultra Low-Power Driving Technology		 宮田　昭雄
Akio MIYATA
＜要旨＞ Through refinement of PNLC materials and fabrication conditions, the authors produced a reflective display with reduced flicker and image sticking at low frame rates. The display consumes very little power and works in a wide range of temperatures, making it a potential platform for future mobile devices.
Keywords: Polymer Network Liquid Crystal (PNLC) / Ultra Low-Power Driving Technology / Polarizer-Free Reflective Display
ページトップへ▲
高分子と液晶系の相分離
Phase Separations in Mixtures of a Polymer and a Liquid Crystal		 松山　明彦
Akihiko MATSUYAMA
＜要旨＞ We introduce our recent theoretical results on phase separations in mixtures of a polymer and a liquid crystal. We here focus on flexible polymer and liquid crystal mixtures and rigid-rod like polymer and liquid crystal mixtures. Phase diagrams of the temperature-concentration plane for these systems are discussed.
Keywords: Phase Separation / Liquid Crystal / Polymer / Liquid Crystal Composite / Polymer Dispersed Liquid Crystal
ページトップへ▲
複合二分子膜ラメラ相のずり誘起オニオン相形成制御
Shear-Induced Onion Formation of Surfactant / Triblock Copolymer Mixed Bilayer Lamellar Phase		 藤井　修治
Shuji FUJII
＜要旨＞ Shear-induced instability of bilayer membrane systems has attracted much attention. One of the most interesting shear effects is a shear-induced lamellar to onion transition. Shear-induced onion formation behavior is quite sensitive to the interaction between grafted polymer chains and surfactant bilayer membranes. Entropy based contribution to the modulus of bilayer controls the onion formation behavior.
Keywords: Surfactant / Lamellae / Onion / Bilayer / Vesicle / Shear-Induced Structure
ページトップへ▲
高分子による非平衡状態の枯渇効果
Nonequilibrium Depletion Effect by Polymers		 佐野　雅己
Masaki SANO
＜要旨＞ A non-equilibrium depletion effect of colloids was discovered. A local increase of temperature drives the colloids in a polymer solution towards the hot region resulting in trapping of the colloids irrespective of their own thermophoretic properties. We report measurement of this trapping effect with increasing polymer concentration and explain the observation by hydrodynamics.
Keywords: Depletion Force / Nonequilibrium / Soret effect / Micromanipulation / Hydrodynamics
ページトップへ▲
高分子科学最近の進歩　Front-Line Polymer Science
高分子伸長結晶化による高性能化
Elongational Crystallization of Polymers Realizes Ultra-High Performances		 岡田　聖香・彦坂　正道
Kiyoka OKADA and Masamichi HIKOSAKA
＜要旨＞ We succeeded in bulky elongational crystallization of isotactic polypropylene (iPP) by compressing the supercooled melt. When the elongational strain rate (ε(・)) becomes larger than a critical one (ε(・)* = 2×102 s-1), the crystallization behavior, structure and physical properties changed discontinuously. Morphology changed from well-known spherulites to a novel morphology of “nano-oriented crystals (NOCs)”, the crystallization rate increased by a factor of 106 and the lateral size of crystals decreased by a factor of 10-3 to 20-30 nm. NOC showed a high crystallinity (nearly equal to unity). The above results indicate that the polymer melt changed from isotropic to an oriented melt which accelerated nucleation and growth rates and induced NOC formation. NOC showed ultra-high performances such as high tensile strength, comparable to that of metals, high thermal resistance and so on. NOC will be useful in a wide variety of applications and will contribute to construct a sustainable society.
Keywords: Crystallization / Elongation / Nucleation / Isotactic Polypropylene / Nano / Crystallinity
ページトップへ▲
 
Copyright(C) 2010 The Society of Polymer Science, Japan All Rights Reserved.