| 高分子 Vol.63 No.5 |
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特集 今こそ注目！トライボロジー
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| 展望 COVER STORY: Highlight Reviews |
| 潤った濃厚ポリマーブラシの潤滑性 Highly Lubricating Property of Swollen Concentrated Polymer Brushes |
榊原 圭太・辻井 敬亘 Keita SAKAKIBARA, Yoshinobu TSUJII |
| ＜要旨＞ 原子間力顕微鏡（AFM）や表面間力測定装置（SFA）を用いた低負荷精密トライボロジー測定により、濃厚ポリマーブラシと準希薄ポリマーブラシの本質的な違いが明らかとなった。本稿では、対向するポリマーブラシのトライボロジー特性について紹介するとともに、生体の階層構造にならった新しいトライボマテリアルについて紹介する。 Keywords: Polymer Brush / Tribology / Friction / Bottle-Brush / Cellulose Nanofiber / Bio-Compatibility |
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| 人工関節における高分子材料のトライボロジー Tribology on Prosthetic Polymer Materials |
澤江 義則 Yoshinori SAWAE |
| ＜要旨＞ 人工関節の摺動面材質として超高分子量ポリエチレンが広く用いられているものの、摩耗により発生するポリエチレン摩耗粉が人工関節の寿命を制限する主因となっている。ここでは、生体内における摩耗粉発生メカニズムに関するトライボロジー研究とともに、耐摩耗性向上のためのいくつかの試みについて紹介する。 Keywords: Joint Prosthesis / UHMWPE / Wear / Wear Particles / Osteolysis / Cross-Linked PE / Oxidative Degradation |
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| 最近のHard Disk Drive内における潤滑剤のDisk-to-Head転移に関する課題 Disk-to-Head Lubricant Transfer in Topical Hard Disk Drives |
Paul H. KASAI |
| ＜要旨＞ The lubricant layer atop the carbon overcoat on topical magnetic hard disks comprises a sub-mono molecular film and essentially all the lubricant molecular chains are bound to the carbon layer by a bona fide chemical bond. The disk-to-head lubricant transfer thus should not occur. The transfer still occurs. Severe and frequent disk/head interactions result in formation of Lewis acid centers of extreme acidity on the alumina surface of the slider. The observed transfer is due to mobile fragments generated by occurrences of multiple fragmentation reactions catalyzed by such centers on individual molecular chains. |
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| 粘着・摩擦を高分子鎖スケールで考える－理論・シミュレーションによる解析－ Analysis of Polymer Chains in the Adhesion and the Friction Processes using Theory and Simulations |
森田 裕史 Hiroshi MORITA |
| ＜要旨＞ 実験だけではわからないことを解析する手法として、シミュレーションが使われつつある。とくに、界面現象である粘着・摩擦などについては、実験だけでは解析できないことも多いことから、シミュレーションへの期待も大きい。本稿では、理論・シミュレーションを用いて、粘着・摩擦にかかわる界面についての基礎的な事項と適用研究について紹介する。 Keywords: Coarse-Grained Simulations / Polymer Chain / OCTA / Adhesion / Dynamics of Contact Line |
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| トピックス COVER STORY: Topics and Products |
| FM-AFMでみる界面液体の組織構造 Structured Liquids Probed by Frequency-Modulation AFM |
大西 洋 Hiroshi ONISHI |
| ＜要旨＞ Frequency-modulation atomic force microscopy (FM-AFM) is a promising tool to observe the solid topography and the liquid structure at interfaces as well. The cantilever with a tip is resonantly oscillated and the shift of the resonance frequency represents liquid-induced force pushing or pulling the tip. Selected results observed on hydrophilic thiolate molecular monolayers are described. The observed, two-dimensional distributions of tip-surface force were sensitive to the composition of the solids and liquids, while insensitive to tips of different apex radii. This suggests that the observed force distribution was not much affected by the presence of the tip above the interface. Keywords: Liquid-Solid Interfaces / Liquid Structure / Thiolate Monolayers / Atomic Force Microscopy |
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| 柔らかい境界潤滑層の創成による低摩擦摺動の実現 Soft Boundary Layers for Low-Friction Surfaces |
平山 朋子 Tomoko HIRAYAMA |
| ＜要旨＞ “Tribology” is one of the important engineering fields focusing on friction, wear and lubrication in sliding surfaces in machines. Soft boundary layer reducing friction under boundary lubrication has been recently attracting much attention, and new analytical approaches and developments of the layers have been proposed using interdisciplinary knowledge. Authors proposed to apply neutron reflectometry to solid-liquid interface to analyze the structure of soft boundary layer formed by oiliness additives. Fitting operation between the experimental and theoretical reflectivity profiles revealed that the oiliness additive layers on metal surfaces were very thin, less than several nanometers. To achieve much lower friction surfaces, the authors developed an oil-compatible concentrated polymer brush layer as a new soft boundary layer. Macro-tribological tests showed that the friction coefficients between the surfaces with polymer brushes under oil lubrication were less than 0.01, while those between the bare surfaces were larger than 0.1. Further development of soft boundary layers is a promising way for excellent tribological surfaces in near future. Keywords: Tribology / Lubrication / Soft Boundary Layer / Low-Friction / Lubricating Oil / Additive |
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| “見る”は“知る”につながる！摩擦界面のその場観察 “See” Initiates “Learn”! Real Time TEM Observation of Actual Contact Area |
佐藤 隆昭・石田 忠・藤田 博之 Takaaki SATO, Tadashi ISHIDA, Hiroyuki FUJITA |
| ＜要旨＞ The observation of nanoscale deformation in real time is a significant step toward understanding the mechanisms of friction and lubrication. Our micromachine combined with a TEM experimental setup allowed us to measure the deformation, force and cross-sectional area of the actual contact area. We have compared observations of several materials such as Ag, DLC and Si. Keywords: Nanotribology / Friction / TEM |
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| グローイングポリマー Polymer Science and I: A Personal Account |
| 成功体験で魅せられた高分子合成 Successful Experience |
浪越 毅 Takeshi NAMIKOSHI |
| ＜要旨＞ In the beginning of my studies I felt incompetent. Then success in research taught me the pleasure of research in polymer chemistry. I was able to change myself from this successful experience. I hope that it will continue to do so in the future and bring me a lot of success. |
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| 高分子科学最近の進歩 Front-Line Polymer Science |
| Cylindrical Polymer Brushes as Shaped Molecular Nanoobjects | Yongming CHEN, Yechao YAN |
＜要旨＞ As one kind of unimolecular nanoobjects with controlled shape from sphere to cylinder, molecular bottlebrush has a well-defined structure and tunable hierarchical functionalities. In this article, controlled synthesis of cylindrical polymer brushes and its application to fabricate unimolecular nanoobjects are described. |
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